It is celebrated on October 28th each year and it commemorates the day in 1940 when the Greek Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas famously said “Ohi” (“No”) to an ultimatum from Italy, leading to Greece’s involvement in World War II. This proud act of defiance has become a symbol of Greek resistance and national pride.
Historical Significance of Ohi Day
On October 28, 1940, an Italian fascist leader Benito Mussolini demanded that Greece allow Axis forces to occupy strategic areas of the country. Metaxas refused, thus initiating the Greco-Italian War. This move by Greece’s defense led to the delay of the Axis Powers’ plans and contributed to the Allies efforts in World War II.
Although it may seem like a boring historical event, it is actually very interesting. Here’s a brief timeline of key events related to Ohi Day:
| Date | Event | Significance |
|---|---|---|
| October 28, 1940 | Italy’s ultimatum to Greece | Mussolini demanded Greece allow Axis forces to occupy strategic locations in Greece. |
| October 28, 1940 | Greece says “Ohi” | Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas rejects the ultimatum, entering Greece into World War II. |
| November 1940 – April 1941 | Greco-Italian War | Greek forces successfully repelled the Italian invasion for several months. |
| April 6, 1941 | Nazi Germany invades Greece | Following Italy’s failure, Germany invades Greece, beginning the Axis occupation. |
| October 28, 1942 | First Ohi Day commemoration during the war | Greeks commemorate the second anniversary of Ohi Day while still under Axis occupation. |
| October 12, 1944 | Liberation of Athens | Just days before Ohi Day, Athens is liberated, marking the end of Axis occupation in Greece. |
| October 28 (post-1945) | Annual national holiday established | Ohi Day becomes an official national holiday celebrating Greek resistance. |
Although the Axis occupied Greece a bit later, the country’s brave victory over Italian forces became a symbol of resistance.
How is Ohi Day Celebrated?
Ohi Day is commemorated with celebrations all over the country as well as Cyprus and Greek communities in other countries and it highlights Greek patriotism and pride. Below are some of the most common and interesting ways Greeks observe the holiday:
- Military Parades: Major cities like Athens and Thessaloniki host military parades with the armed forces, veterans, and students celebrating Greece’s efforts during the war.
- School Parades: In towns and villages, students march in local parades, often dressed in traditional or military clothes, showing the patriotic spirit of the day.
- Wreath-Laying Ceremonies: Public officials and citizens gather at war memorials to lay wreaths to honor the courageous soldiers who fought during World War II.
Ohi Day Traditions
But be sure it is not just about the public events. Many Greeks observe Ohi Day through these common traditions:
- Displaying the Greek Flag: Homes, businesses, and public spaces are all decorated with the beautiful blue and white Greek flag, symbolizing national pride.
- Patriotic Speeches: Politicians and public figures give speeches focusing on the importance of Ohi Day, but also courage, resistance, and freedom.
- Church Services: Many Greeks attend special church services to honor those who sacrificed their lives during the war, praying for peace and unity.
Cultural Impact of Ohi Day
Ohi Day plays a significant role in shaping modern Greek identity. The holiday focuse on:
- National Unity: Ohi Day unites Greeks across the world, reminding them of their shared history and common values.
- Patriotism and Pride: It is a day to honor Greece’s role in defending freedom during World War II, filling citizens with pride in their country’s achievements.
- Historical Education: Schools often use Ohi Day as an opportunity to educate students on Greece’s wartime history, ensuring and hoping that future generations understand the significance of this event.
Comparison with Other Greek National Holidays
Although Greece celebrates several national holidays, Ohi Day stands out for its historical significance. Here’s how it compares to two other major holidays:
| Holiday | Date | Focus | Celebrations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ohi Day | October 28 | Greece’s defiance in WWII | Military and school parades, patriotic events |
| Independence Day | March 25 | Greek independence from the Ottoman Empire | Parades, church services, flag displays |
| Clean Monday | Varies (Lent) | Start of Lent (Orthodox tradition) | Outdoor feasts, kite-flying, family gatherings |
While Independence Day focuses on Greece’s freedom from the Ottoman Empire, Ohi Day celebrates its stand against fascist forces in World War II.
Ohi Day is more than just a historical event; it is a symbol of the courage and resilience of the Greek people. With military parades, flag displays, and patriotic traditions, Greeks honor the memory of their brave stand against foreign oppression on October 28, 1940. This day will forever be a reminder of the importance of national unity and the everlasting spirit of resistance.
Written by visitsithonia.com
